A toothache may seem like a minor annoyance, but it’s often a sign that something is wrong. It can occur as a result of dental decay, cracked teeth or gum disease. In some cases, it is a sign of a more serious health problem such as sinus infection or a jaw injury. The pain can also be a symptom of an abscessed tooth or referred pain from the brain.

When to Seek Treatment

Toothaches can occur at any time and shouldn’t be ignored. A persistent toothache is a signal that you should call your dentist or doctor for an exam.

To diagnose the cause of the toothache, your dentist will perform a physical exam and take X-rays. They will ask you questions about the pain and its intensity, when it started and what makes it better or worse. They will look for signs of infections or injury in your mouth, gums, teeth and bones. They will also check your jaw for movement and touch your face and ears to feel if there is any pressure in the painful area.

There are several things you can do at home to help relieve a toothache. Rinse your mouth with warm water and floss to remove any wedged food particles. Take an over-the-counter (OTC) pain reliever such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen. A cool or slightly warm compress on the painful area can help. Clove oil or a piece of dry whole clove held against the tooth can provide relief as well.